Here’s how it works: HD-SDI is not a bi-directional format the same way that Firewire is, so you can put the first and only powered repeater close to the recorder or switcher. This is the only one that requires a 12VDC power supply. Every 100 meters from that first repeater, they add another repeater until the video source is 100 meters or less from the last repeater.
Here are the full specs.